Timeline of Somalia's Colonization to Independence
1887: Britain initiates first contact with Somalia. They take control of the Suez Canal area primarily for trade with India. Also, the protectorate of British Somaliland is established. A protectorate is when a strong and powerful country, in this case Britain, signs an agreement to protect a weaker nation, Somalia, and
semi-controls the country. France also colonized during this time, but primarily in an area now referred to as Djibouti.
1888: The Anglo-French agreement is written. It basically defines where the Anglos, (Britain) and French had possession of land in Somalia.
1889: Italy becomes the third European nation to set up a protectorate in Somalia, known as Italian Somaliland.
1925: Italy receives land east of the Jubba River, which is located in southern Somalia. This land had been a part of the British protectorate, but since Italy had become allies with Britain, they were rewarded with this land.
1936: Italian East Africa is formed. Well known Italian leader Mussolini had conquered parts of Ethiopia and combined it with Italian Somaliland.
1940: Italy begins to take over British Somalia. They declare war in early June and continue to attack until August. Italy takes control over British Somalia for a little while.
1941: Britain turns around and regains control of their British Somaliland. They retaliate enough to even take over Italian Somaliland.
1950: The UN (United Nations), an international organization who's main objectives range from human and civil rights to developing economies to health issues, organizes Italian Somaliland into a trust territory under their ( the UN being their) control. A trust teritory is, "A colony or territory placed under the administration of one or more countries by commission of the United Nations." "The main objection was that the trust territory guidelines required that the lands be prepared for independence and majority rule." However, Italy maintains control of Italian Somaliland.
1960: Somalia officialy becomes independent from Britain and Italy five days apart. British Somaliland and Italian Somaliland combine to form the United Republic of Somalia. Aden Abdullah Osmar Daar is elected the first president. In 1961, Somalia would go on to write a constitution.
(quotations from http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Trust+Territories
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_trust_territories)
semi-controls the country. France also colonized during this time, but primarily in an area now referred to as Djibouti.
1888: The Anglo-French agreement is written. It basically defines where the Anglos, (Britain) and French had possession of land in Somalia.
1889: Italy becomes the third European nation to set up a protectorate in Somalia, known as Italian Somaliland.
1925: Italy receives land east of the Jubba River, which is located in southern Somalia. This land had been a part of the British protectorate, but since Italy had become allies with Britain, they were rewarded with this land.
1936: Italian East Africa is formed. Well known Italian leader Mussolini had conquered parts of Ethiopia and combined it with Italian Somaliland.
1940: Italy begins to take over British Somalia. They declare war in early June and continue to attack until August. Italy takes control over British Somalia for a little while.
1941: Britain turns around and regains control of their British Somaliland. They retaliate enough to even take over Italian Somaliland.
1950: The UN (United Nations), an international organization who's main objectives range from human and civil rights to developing economies to health issues, organizes Italian Somaliland into a trust territory under their ( the UN being their) control. A trust teritory is, "A colony or territory placed under the administration of one or more countries by commission of the United Nations." "The main objection was that the trust territory guidelines required that the lands be prepared for independence and majority rule." However, Italy maintains control of Italian Somaliland.
1960: Somalia officialy becomes independent from Britain and Italy five days apart. British Somaliland and Italian Somaliland combine to form the United Republic of Somalia. Aden Abdullah Osmar Daar is elected the first president. In 1961, Somalia would go on to write a constitution.
(quotations from http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Trust+Territories
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_trust_territories)